Paracentesis – Nursing Q&A | Procedure, Care & Complications



✍️ Definition
Paracentesis is a medical procedure in which a needle or catheter is inserted into the peritoneal cavity to remove ascitic fluid for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.
📌 Indications
• Ascites due to liver cirrhosis
• Diagnostic testing of peritoneal fluid
• Relief of abdominal distension & discomfort
• Suspected infection (e.g., peritonitis)
• Malignancy-related ascites
🔄 Procedure (Simple Steps)
1️⃣ Explain procedure & take informed consent
2️⃣ Ask patient to empty bladder
3️⃣ Position patient in sitting or semi-Fowler’s position
4️⃣ Clean site with antiseptic & maintain asepsis
5️⃣ Insert needle/catheter in lower abdomen
6️⃣ Collect fluid in sterile container
7️⃣ Apply pressure dressing after removal
👩‍⚕️ Nursing Care
Before Procedure:
✔️ Explain procedure & obtain consent
✔️ Record baseline vitals
✔️ Ask patient to empty bladder
During Procedure:
✔️ Assist doctor
✔️ Maintain sterile technique
✔️ Observe patient for pain/dizziness
After Procedure:
✔️ Monitor vitals (BP, pulse)
✔️ Observe for leakage from puncture site
✔️ Measure amount & appearance of fluid
✔️ Send sample to lab
✔️ Document procedure
⚠️ Complications
• Hypotension
• Bleeding
• Infection
• Bowel perforation
• Fluid leakage
• Electrolyte imbalance

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