Splint in Orthopedics – Definition, Types, Colles Fracture & ORIF | Nursing Notes
Definition
Splint is used for temporary immobilization.
Commonly used in Orthopedic department.
Used for fracture, sprain, strain, dislocation, laceration.
1️⃣ Purpose
Provides rest to injured part
Reduces pain & muscle spasm
Prevents further displacement
Controls swelling
Protects soft tissues
Used For:
Strain – excessive force on tendon
Sprain – excessive force on ligament
Fractures
Dislocation
2️⃣ Types of Splints
A. Through Splint (Well padded)
Used for:
T.I. Bones
Shoulder fracture
Extending base of fingers
B. Straight Splint (Well padded)
Used for:
T.I. Bones
Spine & skeleton support
C. Böhler’s Splint
Used in tibial tuberosity fractures
Limb elevated
Heel should not touch the bed
Traction weight hangs freely
D. Thomas Splint
Used for:
Fracture femur
Skin & skeletal traction
Provides immobilization & traction
3️⃣ Principles of Splinting
Apply splint loosely
Pad well between bony prominences
Do NOT allow limb to press fully against surface
Maintain proper alignment
Check circulation (color, pulse, temperature)
Avoid tight application
4️⃣ Colles Fracture
Fracture of distal radius (calcium bone fracture strip)
5️⃣ Conservative Treatment
Closed reduction
Immobilization
Fixation using:
Pins
Wires
Screws
Plates
6️⃣ ORIF
Open Reduction Internal Fixation
Surgical method
Bone aligned surgically
Fixed using plates, screws
7️⃣ Cervical Collar
Used for neck immobilization
Example: Philadelphia collar
8️⃣ POP Slab
One side open
Fully coated with POP
Used for upper & lower limb immobilization
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